ault 'all'. * @type string|string[] $type Include comments of a given type, or array of types. * Accepts 'comment', 'pings' (includes 'pingback' and * 'trackback'), or any custom type string. Default empty. * @type string[] $type__in Include comments from a given array of comment types. * Default empty. * @type string[] $type__not_in Exclude comments from a given array of comment types. * Default empty. * @type int $user_id Include comments for a specific user ID. Default empty. * @type bool|string $hierarchical Whether to include comment descendants in the results. * - 'threaded' returns a tree, with each comment's children * stored in a `children` property on the `WP_Comment` object. * - 'flat' returns a flat array of found comments plus * their children. * - Boolean `false` leaves out descendants. * The parameter is ignored (forced to `false`) when * `$fields` is 'ids' or 'counts'. Accepts 'threaded', * 'flat', or false. Default: false. * @type string $cache_domain Unique cache key to be produced when this query is stored in * an object cache. Default is 'core'. * @type bool $update_comment_meta_cache Whether to prime the metadata cache for found comments. * Default true. * @type bool $update_comment_post_cache Whether to prime the cache for comment posts. * Default false. * } */ public function __construct( $query = '' ) { $this->query_var_defaults = array( 'author_email' => '', 'author_url' => '', 'author__in' => '', 'author__not_in' => '', 'include_unapproved' => '', 'fields' => '', 'ID' => '', 'comment__in' => '', 'comment__not_in' => '', 'karma' => '', 'number' => '', 'offset' => '', 'no_found_rows' => true, 'orderby' => '', 'order' => 'DESC', 'paged' => 1, 'parent' => '', 'parent__in' => '', 'parent__not_in' => '', 'post_author__in' => '', 'post_author__not_in' => '', 'post_ID' => '', 'post_id' => 0, 'post__in' => '', 'post__not_in' => '', 'post_author' => '', 'post_name' => '', 'post_parent' => '', 'post_status' => '', 'post_type' => '', 'status' => 'all', 'type' => '', 'type__in' => '', 'type__not_in' => '', 'user_id' => '', 'search' => '', 'count' => false, 'meta_key' => '', 'meta_value' => '', 'meta_query' => '', 'date_query' => null, // See WP_Date_Query. 'hierarchical' => false, 'cache_domain' => 'core', 'update_comment_meta_cache' => true, 'update_comment_post_cache' => false, ); if ( ! empty( $query ) ) { $this->query( $query ); } } /** * Parse arguments passed to the comment query with default query parameters. * * @since 4.2.0 Extracted from WP_Comment_Query::query(). * * @param string|array $query WP_Comment_Query arguments. See WP_Comment_Query::__construct() for accepted arguments. */ public function parse_query( $query = '' ) { if ( empty( $query ) ) { $query = $this->query_vars; } $this->query_vars = wp_parse_args( $query, $this->query_var_defaults ); /** * Fires after the comment query vars have been parsed. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param WP_Comment_Query $query The WP_Comment_Query instance (passed by reference). */ do_action_ref_array( 'parse_comment_query', array( &$this ) ); } /** * Sets up the WordPress query for retrieving comments. * * @since 3.1.0 * @since 4.1.0 Introduced 'comment__in', 'comment__not_in', 'post_author__in', * 'post_author__not_in', 'author__in', 'author__not_in', 'post__in', * 'post__not_in', 'include_unapproved', 'type__in', and 'type__not_in' * arguments to $query_vars. * @since 4.2.0 Moved parsing to WP_Comment_Query::parse_query(). * * @param string|array $query Array or URL query string of parameters. * @return array|int List of comments, or number of comments when 'count' is passed as a query var. */ public function query( $query ) { $this->query_vars = wp_parse_args( $query ); return $this->get_comments(); } /** * Get a list of comments matching the query vars. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object. * * @return int|int[]|WP_Comment[] List of comments or number of found comments if `$count` argument is true. */ public function get_comments() { global $wpdb; $this->parse_query(); // Parse meta query. $this->meta_query = new WP_Meta_Query(); $this->meta_query->parse_query_vars( $this->query_vars ); /** * Fires before comments are retrieved. * * @since 3.1.0 * * @param WP_Comment_Query $query Current instance of WP_Comment_Query (passed by reference). */ do_action_ref_array( 'pre_get_comments', array( &$this ) ); // Reparse query vars, in case they were modified in a 'pre_get_comments' callback. $this->meta_query->parse_query_vars( $this->query_vars ); if ( ! empty( $this->meta_query->queries ) ) { $this->meta_query_clauses = $this->meta_query->get_sql( 'comment', $wpdb->comments, 'comment_ID', $this ); } $comment_data = null; /** * Filters the comments data before the query takes place. * * Return a non-null value to bypass WordPress' default comment queries. * * The expected return type from this filter depends on the value passed * in the request query vars: * - When `$this->query_vars['count']` is set, the filter should return * the comment count as an integer. * - When `'ids' === $this->query_vars['fields']`, the filter should return * an array of comment IDs. * - Otherwise the filter should return an array of WP_Comment objects. * * Note that if the filter returns an array of comment data, it will be assigned * to the `comments` property of the current WP_Comment_Query instance. * * Filtering functions that require pagination information are encouraged to set * the `found_comments` and `max_num_pages` properties of the WP_Comment_Query object, * passed to the filter by reference. If WP_Comment_Query does not perform a database * query, it will not have enough information to generate these values itself. * * @since 5.3.0 * @since 5.6.0 The returned array of comment data is assigned to the `comments` property * of the current WP_Comment_Query instance. * * @param array|int|null $comment_data Return an array of comment data to short-circuit WP's comment query, * the comment count as an integer if `$this->query_vars['count']` is set, * or null to allow WP to run its normal queries. * @param WP_Comment_Query $query The WP_Comment_Query instance, passed by reference. */ $comment_data = apply_filters_ref_array( 'comments_pre_query', array( $comment_data, &$this ) ); if ( null !== $comment_data ) { if ( is_array( $comment_data ) && ! $this->query_vars['count'] ) { $this->comments = $comment_data; } return $comment_data; } /* * Only use the args defined in the query_var_defaults to compute the key, * but ignore 'fields', 'update_comment_meta_cache', 'update_comment_post_cache' which does not affect query results. */ $_args = wp_array_slice_assoc( $this->query_vars, array_keys( $this->query_var_defaults ) ); unset( $_args['fields'], $_args['update_comment_meta_cache'], $_args['update_comment_post_cache'] ); $key = md5( serialize( $_args ) ); $last_changed = wp_cache_get_last_changed( 'comment' ); $cache_key = "get_comments:$key"; $cache_value = wp_cache_get_salted( $cache_key, 'comment-queries', $last_changed ); if ( false === $cache_value ) { $comment_ids = $this->get_comment_ids(); if ( $comment_ids ) { $this->set_found_comments(); } $cache_value = array( 'comment_ids' => $comment_ids, 'found_comments' => $this->found_comments, ); wp_cache_set_salted( $cache_key, $cache_value, 'comment-queries', $last_changed ); } else { $comment_ids = $cache_value['comment_ids']; $this->found_comments = $cache_value['found_comments']; } if ( $this->found_comments && $this->query_vars['number'] ) { $this->max_num_pages = (int) ceil( $this->found_comments / $this->query_vars['number'] ); } // If querying for a count only, there's nothing more to do. if ( $this->query_vars['count'] ) { // $comment_ids is actually a count in this case. return (int) $comment_ids; } $comment_ids = array_map( 'intval', $comment_ids ); if ( $this->query_vars['update_comment_meta_cache'] ) { wp_lazyload_comment_meta( $comment_ids ); } if ( 'ids' === $this->query_vars['fields'] ) { $this->comments = $comment_ids; return $this->comments; } _prime_comment_caches( $comment_ids, false ); // Fetch full comment objects from the primed cache. $_comments = array(); foreach ( $comment_ids as $comment_id ) { $_comment = get_comment( $comment_id ); if ( $_comment ) { $_comments[] = $_comment; } } // Prime comment post caches. if ( $this->query_vars['update_comment_post_cache'] ) { $comment_post_ids = array(); foreach ( $_comments as $_comment ) { $comment_post_ids[] = $_comment->comment_post_ID; } _prime_post_caches( $comment_post_ids, false, false ); } /** * Filters the comment query results. * * @since 3.1.0 * * @param WP_Comment[] $_comments An array of comments. * @param WP_Comment_Query $query Current instance of WP_Comment_Query (passed by reference). */ $_comments = apply_filters_ref_array( 'the_comments', array( $_comments, &$this ) ); // Convert to WP_Comment instances. $comments = array_map( 'get_comment', $_comments ); if ( $this->query_vars['hierarchical'] ) { $comments = $this->fill_descendants( $comments ); } $this->comments = $comments; return $this->comments; } /** * Used internally to get a list of comment IDs matching the query vars. * * @since 4.4.0 * @since 6.9.0 Excludes the 'note' comment type, unless 'all' or the 'note' types are requested. * * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object. * * @return int|array A single count of comment IDs if a count query. An array of comment IDs if a full query. */ protected function get_comment_ids() { global $wpdb; // Assemble clauses related to 'comment_approved'. $approved_clauses = array(); // 'status' accepts an array or a comma-separated string. $status_clauses = array(); $statuses = wp_parse_list( $this->query_vars['status'] ); // Empty 'status' should be interpreted as 'all'. if ( empty( $statuses ) ) { $statuses = array( 'all' ); } // 'any' overrides other statuses. if ( ! in_array( 'any', $statuses, true ) ) { foreach ( $statuses as $status ) { switch ( $status ) { case 'hold': $status_clauses[] = "comment_approved = '0'"; break; case 'approve': $status_clauses[] = "comment_approved = '1'"; break; case 'all': case '': $status_clauses[] = "( comment_approved = '0' OR comment_approved = '1' )"; break; default: $status_clauses[] = $wpdb->prepare( 'comment_approved = %s', $status ); break; } } $approved_clauses[] = '( ' . implode( ' OR ', $status_clauses ) . ' )'; } // User IDs or emails whose unapproved comments are included, regardless of $status. if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['include_unapproved'] ) ) { $include_unapproved = wp_parse_list( $this->query_vars['include_unapproved'] ); foreach ( $include_unapproved as $unapproved_identifier ) { // Numeric values are assumed to be user IDs. if ( is_numeric( $unapproved_identifier ) ) { $approved_clauses[] = $wpdb->prepare( "( user_id = %d AND comment_approved = '0' )", $unapproved_identifier ); } else { // Otherwise we match against email addresses. if ( ! empty( $_GET['unapproved'] ) && ! empty( $_GET['moderation-hash'] ) ) { // Only include requested comment. $approved_clauses[] = $wpdb->prepare( "( comment_author_email = %s AND comment_approved = '0' AND {$wpdb->comments}.comment_ID = %d )", $unapproved_identifier, (int) $_GET['unapproved'] ); } else { // Include all of the author's unapproved comments. $approved_clauses[] = $wpdb->prepare( "( comment_author_email = %s AND comment_approved = '0' )", $unapproved_identifier ); } } } } // Collapse comment_approved clauses into a single OR-separated clause. if ( ! empty( $approved_clauses ) ) { if ( 1 === count( $approved_clauses ) ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['approved'] = $approved_clauses[0]; } else { $this->sql_clauses['where']['approved'] = '( ' . implode( ' OR ', $approved_clauses ) . ' )'; } } $order = ( 'ASC' === strtoupper( $this->query_vars['order'] ) ) ? 'ASC' : 'DESC'; // Disable ORDER BY with 'none', an empty array, or boolean false. if ( in_array( $this->query_vars['orderby'], array( 'none', array(), false ), true ) ) { $orderby = ''; } elseif ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['orderby'] ) ) { $ordersby = is_array( $this->query_vars['orderby'] ) ? $this->query_vars['orderby'] : preg_split( '/[,\s]/', $this->query_vars['orderby'] ); $orderby_array = array(); $found_orderby_comment_id = false; foreach ( $ordersby as $_key => $_value ) { if ( ! $_value ) { continue; } if ( is_int( $_key ) ) { $_orderby = $_value; $_order = $order; } else { $_orderby = $_key; $_order = $_value; } if ( ! $found_orderby_comment_id && in_array( $_orderby, array( 'comment_ID', 'comment__in' ), true ) ) { $found_orderby_comment_id = true; } $parsed = $this->parse_orderby( $_orderby ); if ( ! $parsed ) { continue; } if ( 'comment__in' === $_orderby ) { $orderby_array[] = $parsed; continue; } $orderby_array[] = $parsed . ' ' . $this->parse_order( $_order ); } // If no valid clauses were found, order by comment_date_gmt. if ( empty( $orderby_array ) ) { $orderby_array[] = "$wpdb->comments.comment_date_gmt $order"; } // To ensure determinate sorting, always include a comment_ID clause. if ( ! $found_orderby_comment_id ) { $comment_id_order = ''; // Inherit order from comment_date or comment_date_gmt, if available. foreach ( $orderby_array as $orderby_clause ) { if ( preg_match( '/comment_date(?:_gmt)*\ (ASC|DESC)/', $orderby_clause, $match ) ) { $comment_id_order = $match[1]; break; } } // If no date-related order is available, use the date from the first available clause. if ( ! $comment_id_order ) { foreach ( $orderby_array as $orderby_clause ) { if ( str_contains( 'ASC', $orderby_clause ) ) { $comment_id_order = 'ASC'; } else { $comment_id_order = 'DESC'; } break; } } // Default to DESC. if ( ! $comment_id_order ) { $comment_id_order = 'DESC'; } $orderby_array[] = "$wpdb->comments.comment_ID $comment_id_order"; } $orderby = implode( ', ', $orderby_array ); } else { $orderby = "$wpdb->comments.comment_date_gmt $order"; } $number = absint( $this->query_vars['number'] ); $offset = absint( $this->query_vars['offset'] ); $paged = absint( $this->query_vars['paged'] ); $limits = ''; if ( ! empty( $number ) ) { if ( $offset ) { $limits = 'LIMIT ' . $offset . ',' . $number; } else { $limits = 'LIMIT ' . ( $number * ( $paged - 1 ) ) . ',' . $number; } } if ( $this->query_vars['count'] ) { $fields = 'COUNT(*)'; } else { $fields = "$wpdb->comments.comment_ID"; } $post_id = absint( $this->query_vars['post_id'] ); if ( ! empty( $post_id ) ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['post_id'] = $wpdb->prepare( 'comment_post_ID = %d', $post_id ); } // Parse comment IDs for an IN clause. if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['comment__in'] ) ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['comment__in'] = "$wpdb->comments.comment_ID IN ( " . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['comment__in'] ) ) . ' )'; } // Parse comment IDs for a NOT IN clause. if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['comment__not_in'] ) ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['comment__not_in'] = "$wpdb->comments.comment_ID NOT IN ( " . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['comment__not_in'] ) ) . ' )'; } // Parse comment parent IDs for an IN clause. if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['parent__in'] ) ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['parent__in'] = 'comment_parent IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['parent__in'] ) ) . ' )'; } // Parse comment parent IDs for a NOT IN clause. if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['parent__not_in'] ) ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['parent__not_in'] = 'comment_parent NOT IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['parent__not_in'] ) ) . ' )'; } // Parse comment post IDs for an IN clause. if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['post__in'] ) ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['post__in'] = 'comment_post_ID IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['post__in'] ) ) . ' )'; } // Parse comment post IDs for a NOT IN clause. if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['post__not_in'] ) ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['post__not_in'] = 'comment_post_ID NOT IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['post__not_in'] ) ) . ' )'; } if ( '' !== $this->query_vars['author_email'] ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['author_email'] = $wpdb->prepare( 'comment_author_email = %s', $this->query_vars['author_email'] ); } if ( '' !== $this->query_vars['author_url'] ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['author_url'] = $wpdb->prepare( 'comment_author_url = %s', $this->query_vars['author_url'] ); } if ( '' !== $this->query_vars['karma'] ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['karma'] = $wpdb->prepare( 'comment_karma = %d', $this->query_vars['karma'] ); } // Filtering by comment_type: 'type', 'type__in', 'type__not_in'. $raw_types = array( 'IN' => array_merge( (array) $this->query_vars['type'], (array) $this->query_vars['type__in'] ), 'NOT IN' => (array) $this->query_vars['type__not_in'], ); // Exclude the 'note' comment type, unless 'all' types or the 'note' type explicitly are requested. if ( ! in_array( 'all', $raw_types['IN'], true ) && ! in_array( 'note', $raw_types['IN'], true ) && ! in_array( 'note', $raw_types['NOT IN'], true ) ) { $raw_types['NOT IN'][] = 'note'; } $comment_types = array(); foreach ( $raw_types as $operator => $_raw_types ) { $_raw_types = array_unique( $_raw_types ); foreach ( $_raw_types as $type ) { switch ( $type ) { // An empty translates to 'all', for backward compatibility. case '': case 'all': break; case 'comment': case 'comments': $comment_types[ $operator ][] = "''"; $comment_types[ $operator ][] = "'comment'"; break; case 'pings': $comment_types[ $operator ][] = "'pingback'"; $comment_types[ $operator ][] = "'trackback'"; break; default: $comment_types[ $operator ][] = $wpdb->prepare( '%s', $type ); break; } } if ( ! empty( $comment_types[ $operator ] ) ) { $types_sql = implode( ', ', $comment_types[ $operator ] ); $this->sql_clauses['where'][ 'comment_type__' . strtolower( str_replace( ' ', '_', $operator ) ) ] = "comment_type $operator ($types_sql)"; } } $parent = $this->query_vars['parent']; if ( $this->query_vars['hierarchical'] && ! $parent ) { $parent = 0; } if ( '' !== $parent ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['parent'] = $wpdb->prepare( 'comment_parent = %d', $parent ); } if ( is_array( $this->query_vars['user_id'] ) ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['user_id'] = 'user_id IN (' . implode( ',', array_map( 'absint', $this->query_vars['user_id'] ) ) . ')'; } elseif ( '' !== $this->query_vars['user_id'] ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['user_id'] = $wpdb->prepare( 'user_id = %d', $this->query_vars['user_id'] ); } // Falsey search strings are ignored. if ( isset( $this->query_vars['search'] ) && strlen( $this->query_vars['search'] ) ) { $search_sql = $this->get_search_sql( $this->query_vars['search'], array( 'comment_author', 'comment_author_email', 'comment_author_url', 'comment_author_IP', 'comment_content' ) ); // Strip leading 'AND'. $this->sql_clauses['where']['search'] = preg_replace( '/^\s*AND\s*/', '', $search_sql ); } // If any post-related query vars are passed, join the posts table. $join_posts_table = false; $plucked = wp_array_slice_assoc( $this->query_vars, array( 'post_author', 'post_name', 'post_parent' ) ); $post_fields = array_filter( $plucked ); if ( ! empty( $post_fields ) ) { $join_posts_table = true; foreach ( $post_fields as $field_name => $field_value ) { // $field_value may be an array. $esses = array_fill( 0, count( (array) $field_value ), '%s' ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQLPlaceholders.UnfinishedPrepare $this->sql_clauses['where'][ $field_name ] = $wpdb->prepare( " {$wpdb->posts}.{$field_name} IN (" . implode( ',', $esses ) . ')', $field_value ); } } // 'post_status' and 'post_type' are handled separately, due to the specialized behavior of 'any'. foreach ( array( 'post_status', 'post_type' ) as $field_name ) { $q_values = array(); if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars[ $field_name ] ) ) { $q_values = $this->query_vars[ $field_name ]; if ( ! is_array( $q_values ) ) { $q_values = explode( ',', $q_values ); } // 'any' will cause the query var to be ignored. if ( in_array( 'any', $q_values, true ) || empty( $q_values ) ) { continue; } $join_posts_table = true; $esses = array_fill( 0, count( $q_values ), '%s' ); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.DB.PreparedSQLPlaceholders.UnfinishedPrepare $this->sql_clauses['where'][ $field_name ] = $wpdb->prepare( " {$wpdb->posts}.{$field_name} IN (" . implode( ',', $esses ) . ')', $q_values ); } } // Comment author IDs for an IN clause. if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['author__in'] ) ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['author__in'] = 'user_id IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['author__in'] ) ) . ' )'; } // Comment author IDs for a NOT IN clause. if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['author__not_in'] ) ) { $this->sql_clauses['where']['author__not_in'] = 'user_id NOT IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['author__not_in'] ) ) . ' )'; } // Post author IDs for an IN clause. if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['post_author__in'] ) ) { $join_posts_table = true; $this->sql_clauses['where']['post_author__in'] = 'post_author IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['post_author__in'] ) ) . ' )'; } // Post author IDs for a NOT IN clause. if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['post_author__not_in'] ) ) { $join_posts_table = true; $this->sql_clauses['where']['post_author__not_in'] = 'post_author NOT IN ( ' . implode( ',', wp_parse_id_list( $this->query_vars['post_author__not_in'] ) ) . ' )'; } $join = ''; $groupby = ''; if ( $join_posts_table ) { $join .= "JOIN $wpdb->posts ON $wpdb->posts.ID = $wpdb->comments.comment_post_ID"; } if ( ! empty( $this->meta_query_clauses ) ) { $join .= $this->meta_query_clauses['join']; // Strip leading 'AND'. $this->sql_clauses['where']['meta_query'] = preg_replace( '/^\s*AND\s*/', '', $this->meta_query_clauses['where'] ); if ( ! $this->query_vars['count'] ) { $groupby = "{$wpdb->comments}.comment_ID"; } } if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['date_query'] ) && is_array( $this->query_vars['date_query'] ) ) { $this->date_query = new WP_Date_Query( $this->query_vars['date_query'], 'comment_date' ); // Strip leading 'AND'. $this->sql_clauses['where']['date_query'] = preg_replace( '/^\s*AND\s*/', '', $this->date_query->get_sql() ); } $where = implode( ' AND ', $this->sql_clauses['where'] ); $pieces = array( 'fields', 'join', 'where', 'orderby', 'limits', 'groupby' ); /** * Filters the comment query clauses. * * @since 3.1.0 * * @param string[] $clauses { * Associative array of the clauses for the query. * * @type string $fields The SELECT clause of the query. * @type string $join The JOIN clause of the query. * @type string $where The WHERE clause of the query. * @type string $orderby The ORDER BY clause of the query. * @type string $limits The LIMIT clause of the query. * @type string $groupby The GROUP BY clause of the query. * } * @param WP_Comment_Query $query Current instance of WP_Comment_Query (passed by reference). */ $clauses = apply_filters_ref_array( 'comments_clauses', array( compact( $pieces ), &$this ) ); $fields = $clauses['fields'] ?? ''; $join = $clauses['join'] ?? ''; $where = $clauses['where'] ?? ''; $orderby = $clauses['orderby'] ?? ''; $limits = $clauses['limits'] ?? ''; $groupby = $clauses['groupby'] ?? ''; $this->filtered_where_clause = $where; if ( $where ) { $where = 'WHERE ' . $where; } if ( $groupby ) { $groupby = 'GROUP BY ' . $groupby; } if ( $orderby ) { $orderby = "ORDER BY $orderby"; } $found_rows = ''; if ( ! $this->query_vars['no_found_rows'] ) { $found_rows = 'SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS'; } $this->sql_clauses['select'] = "SELECT $found_rows $fields"; $this->sql_clauses['from'] = "FROM $wpdb->comments $join"; $this->sql_clauses['groupby'] = $groupby; $this->sql_clauses['orderby'] = $orderby; $this->sql_clauses['limits'] = $limits; // Beginning of the string is on a new line to prevent leading whitespace. See https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/56841. $this->request = "{$this->sql_clauses['select']} {$this->sql_clauses['from']} {$where} {$this->sql_clauses['groupby']} {$this->sql_clauses['orderby']} {$this->sql_clauses['limits']}"; if ( $this->query_vars['count'] ) { return (int) $wpdb->get_var( $this->request ); } else { $comment_ids = $wpdb->get_col( $this->request ); return array_map( 'intval', $comment_ids ); } } /** * Populates found_comments and max_num_pages properties for the current * query if the limit clause was used. * * @since 4.6.0 * * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object. */ private function set_found_comments() { global $wpdb; if ( $this->query_vars['number'] && ! $this->query_vars['no_found_rows'] ) { /** * Filters the query used to retrieve found comment count. * * @since 4.4.0 * * @param string $found_comments_query SQL query. Default 'SELECT FOUND_ROWS()'. * @param WP_Comment_Query $comment_query The `WP_Comment_Query` instance. */ $found_comments_query = apply_filters( 'found_comments_query', 'SELECT FOUND_ROWS()', $this ); $this->found_comments = (int) $wpdb->get_var( $found_comments_query ); } } /** * Fetch descendants for located comments. * * Instead of calling `get_children()` separately on each child comment, we do a single set of queries to fetch * the descendant trees for all matched top-level comments. * * @since 4.4.0 * * @param WP_Comment[] $comments Array of top-level comments whose descendants should be filled in. * @return array */ protected function fill_descendants( $comments ) { $levels = array( 0 => wp_list_pluck( $comments, 'comment_ID' ), ); $key = md5( serialize( wp_array_slice_assoc( $this->query_vars, array_keys( $this->query_var_defaults ) ) ) ); $last_changed = wp_cache_get_last_changed( 'comment' ); // Fetch an entire level of the descendant tree at a time. $level = 0; $exclude_keys = array( 'parent', 'parent__in', 'parent__not_in' ); do { // Parent-child relationships may be cached. Only query for those that are not. $child_ids = array(); $uncached_parent_ids = array(); $_parent_ids = $levels[ $level ]; if ( $_parent_ids ) { $cache_keys = array(); foreach ( $_parent_ids as $parent_id ) { $cache_keys[ $parent_id ] = "get_comment_child_ids:$parent_id:$key"; } $cache_data = wp_cache_get_multiple_salted( array_values( $cache_keys ), 'comment-queries', $last_changed ); foreach ( $_parent_ids as $parent_id ) { $parent_child_ids = $cache_data[ $cache_keys[ $parent_id ] ]; if ( false !== $parent_child_ids ) { $child_ids = array_merge( $child_ids, $parent_child_ids ); } else { $uncached_parent_ids[] = $parent_id; } } } if ( $uncached_parent_ids ) { // Fetch this level of comments. $parent_query_args = $this->query_vars; foreach ( $exclude_keys as $exclude_key ) { $parent_query_args[ $exclude_key ] = ''; } $parent_query_args['parent__in'] = $uncached_parent_ids; $parent_query_args['no_found_rows'] = true; $parent_query_args['hierarchical'] = false; $parent_query_args['offset'] = 0; $parent_query_args['number'] = 0; $level_comments = get_comments( $parent_query_args ); // Cache parent-child relationships. $parent_map = array_fill_keys( $uncached_parent_ids, array() ); foreach ( $level_comments as $level_comment ) { $parent_map[ $level_comment->comment_parent ][] = $level_comment->comment_ID; $child_ids[] = $level_comment->comment_ID; } $data = array(); foreach ( $parent_map as $parent_id => $children ) { $cache_key = "get_comment_child_ids:$parent_id:$key"; $data[ $cache_key ] = $children; } wp_cache_set_multiple_salted( $data, 'comment-queries', $last_changed ); } ++$level; $levels[ $level ] = $child_ids; } while ( $child_ids ); // Prime comment caches for non-top-level comments. $descendant_ids = array(); for ( $i = 1, $c = count( $levels ); $i < $c; $i++ ) { $descendant_ids = array_merge( $descendant_ids, $levels[ $i ] ); } _prime_comment_caches( $descendant_ids, $this->query_vars['update_comment_meta_cache'] ); // Assemble a flat array of all comments + descendants. $all_comments = $comments; foreach ( $descendant_ids as $descendant_id ) { $all_comments[] = get_comment( $descendant_id ); } // If a threaded representation was requested, build the tree. if ( 'threaded' === $this->query_vars['hierarchical'] ) { $threaded_comments = array(); $ref = array(); foreach ( $all_comments as $k => $c ) { $_c = get_comment( $c->comment_ID ); // If the comment isn't in the reference array, it goes in the top level of the thread. if ( ! isset( $ref[ $c->comment_parent ] ) ) { $threaded_comments[ $_c->comment_ID ] = $_c; $ref[ $_c->comment_ID ] = $threaded_comments[ $_c->comment_ID ]; // Otherwise, set it as a child of its parent. } else { $ref[ $_c->comment_parent ]->add_child( $_c ); $ref[ $_c->comment_ID ] = $ref[ $_c->comment_parent ]->get_child( $_c->comment_ID ); } } // Set the 'populated_children' flag, to ensure additional database queries aren't run. foreach ( $ref as $_ref ) { $_ref->populated_children( true ); } $comments = $threaded_comments; } else { $comments = $all_comments; } return $comments; } /** * Used internally to generate an SQL string for searching across multiple columns. * * @since 3.1.0 * * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object. * * @param string $search Search string. * @param string[] $columns Array of columns to search. * @return string Search SQL. */ protected function get_search_sql( $search, $columns ) { global $wpdb; $like = '%' . $wpdb->esc_like( $search ) . '%'; $searches = array(); foreach ( $columns as $column ) { $searches[] = $wpdb->prepare( "$column LIKE %s", $like ); } return ' AND (' . implode( ' OR ', $searches ) . ')'; } /** * Parse and sanitize 'orderby' keys passed to the comment query. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @global wpdb $wpdb WordPress database abstraction object. * * @param string $orderby Alias for the field to order by. * @return string|false Value to used in the ORDER clause. False otherwise. */ protected function parse_orderby( $orderby ) { global $wpdb; $allowed_keys = array( 'comment_agent', 'comment_approved', 'comment_author', 'comment_author_email', 'comment_author_IP', 'comment_author_url', 'comment_content', 'comment_date', 'comment_date_gmt', 'comment_ID', 'comment_karma', 'comment_parent', 'comment_post_ID', 'comment_type', 'user_id', ); if ( ! empty( $this->query_vars['meta_key'] ) ) { $allowed_keys[] = $this->query_vars['meta_key']; $allowed_keys[] = 'meta_value'; $allowed_keys[] = 'meta_value_num'; } $meta_query_clauses = $this->meta_query->get_clauses(); if ( $meta_query_clauses ) { $allowed_keys = array_merge( $allowed_keys, array_keys( $meta_query_clauses ) ); } $parsed = false; if ( $this->query_vars['meta_key'] === $orderby || 'meta_value' === $orderby ) { $parsed = "$wpdb->commentmeta.meta_value"; } elseif ( 'meta_value_num' === $orderby ) { $parsed = "$wpdb->commentmeta.meta_value+0"; } elseif ( 'comment__in' === $orderby ) { $comment__in = implode( ',', array_map( 'absint', $this->query_vars['comment__in'] ) ); $parsed = "FIELD( {$wpdb->comments}.comment_ID, $comment__in )"; } elseif ( in_array( $orderby, $allowed_keys, true ) ) { if ( isset( $meta_query_clauses[ $orderby ] ) ) { $meta_clause = $meta_query_clauses[ $orderby ]; $parsed = sprintf( 'CAST(%s.meta_value AS %s)', esc_sql( $meta_clause['alias'] ), esc_sql( $meta_clause['cast'] ) ); } else { $parsed = "$wpdb->comments.$orderby"; } } return $parsed; } /** * Parse an 'order' query variable and cast it to ASC or DESC as necessary. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param string $order The 'order' query variable. * @return string The sanitized 'order' query variable. */ protected function parse_order( $order ) { if ( ! is_string( $order ) || empty( $order ) ) { return 'DESC'; } if ( 'ASC' === strtoupper( $order ) ) { return 'ASC'; } else { return 'DESC'; } } } GM Archives - Car Origins https://carorigins.com/tag/gm/ 1950-present Automobiles from Birth to Evolution and Legacy! Fri, 20 Feb 2026 01:45:46 +0000 en-US hourly 1 Chevrolet Sprint: The Evolution of GM’s Compact Hatchback https://carorigins.com/chevrolet-sprint-the-evolution-of-gms-compact-hatchback/ Sat, 07 Mar 2026 01:01:00 +0000 https://carorigins.com/?p=7794 The Chevrolet Sprint occupies a unique place in General Motors’ history — a brief but memorable chapter in the 1980s small-car boom in North America when fuel economy, affordability, and global collaboration reshaped the automotive landscape. Built as a rebadged version of the Suzuki Cultus, the Sprint was Chevrolet’s answer to rising demand for compact,...

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Suzuki Forsa: The Brief Yet Notable Chapter in Suzuki’s International Subcompact History https://carorigins.com/suzuki-forsa-the-brief-yet-notable-chapter-in-suzukis-international-subcompact-history/ Fri, 06 Mar 2026 01:01:00 +0000 https://carorigins.com/?p=7776 The Suzuki Forsa was a distinctive, short-lived nameplate in Suzuki’s automotive lineup — representing a specific market branding of Suzuki’s Cultus subcompact hatchback during the mid-1980s. Although the Forsa name was used only briefly and in limited regions, it represents an era when Suzuki’s small cars were marketed globally under a patchwork of names through...

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ASC and the Chevrolet SSR: The Evolution of a Retro‑Modern Roadster Pickup https://carorigins.com/asc-and-the-chevrolet-ssr-the-evolution-of-a-retro-modern-roadster-pickup/ Fri, 13 Feb 2026 13:01:00 +0000 https://carorigins.com/?p=7397 The Chevrolet SSR (Super Sport Roadster) is one of the most distinctive vehicles to emerge from General Motors in the early 21st century — a retro‑styled, retractable‑hardtop convertible pickup that blended nostalgic design cues with modern engineering. Central to its creation was ASC (American Specialty Cars) — originally American Sunroof Company — which partnered with...

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Callaway (Chevrolet) Camaro: The Evolution of an American Performance Icon https://carorigins.com/callaway-chevrolet-camaro-the-evolution-of-an-american-performance-icon/ Thu, 12 Feb 2026 05:01:00 +0000 https://carorigins.com/?p=7373 For more than three decades, Callaway Cars Inc. has carved out a unique place in the automotive world as one of the most respected independent performance engineering firms — best known for transforming Chevrolet vehicles into higher-performance machines with superb engineering, proprietary supercharger systems, and bespoke upgrades. While Callaway is perhaps most famous for its...

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The Unlikely Giant: Charting the Global Journey of the Suzuki Cultus https://carorigins.com/the-unlikely-giant-charting-the-global-journey-of-the-suzuki-cultus/ Mon, 02 Feb 2026 21:01:00 +0000 https://carorigins.com/?p=7121 In the annals of automotive history, few vehicles have possessed the chameleon-like adaptability of the Suzuki Cultus. Known by a litany of names—from the Geo Metro to the Swift, and even the Forsa—this humble B-segment car transcended its humble origins to become a true global citizen. Its story is not merely one of mechanical evolution,...

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The History of Daewoo Motor https://carorigins.com/the-history-of-daewoo-motor/ Sat, 31 Jan 2026 18:01:00 +0000 https://carorigins.com/?p=6976 The Korean Titan: The Rise, Fall, and Transformation of Daewoo In the late 20th century, the global automotive landscape underwent a seismic shift. For decades, the market had been dominated by the “Big Three” in Detroit, the precision engineering of Germany, and the relentless efficiency of Japan. But emerging from the rapidly industrializing nation of...

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The History of DeLorean Motor Company https://carorigins.com/the-history-of-delorean-motor-company/ Sat, 31 Jan 2026 14:01:00 +0000 https://carorigins.com/?p=6964 The Gullwing Legacy: The Rise and Fall of the DeLorean In the annals of automotive history, few names evoke as much intrigue, nostalgia, and pop-culture reverence as DeLorean. For a fleeting moment in the early 1980s, this upstart American automaker captured the world’s imagination with a car that looked like nothing else on the road....

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The History of Geo https://carorigins.com/the-history-of-geo/ Sat, 31 Jan 2026 05:01:00 +0000 https://carorigins.com/?p=6934 The American Compact: The Rise, Fall, and Enduring Legacy of Geo In the automotive landscape of the late 20th century, the United States market underwent a seismic shift. For decades, American roads were dominated by large, gas-guzzling vehicles. However, the oil crises of the 1970s and the rising tide of Japanese manufacturing forced the American...

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The Daewoo Nexia Legacy: The Rise, Resilience, and Reinvention of a Daewoo Icon https://carorigins.com/the-daewoo-nexia-legacy-the-rise-resilience-and-reinvention-of-a-daewoo-icon/ Fri, 30 Jan 2026 01:01:00 +0000 https://carorigins.com/?p=7086 In the automotive world, few vehicles capture the tumultuous economic shifts of the late 20th and early 21st centuries quite like the Daewoo Nexia. Often overlooked in the grand narrative of automotive history, the Nexia was a product of ambition, geopolitical maneuvering, and a desperate bid for global relevance. While it began its life as...

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The Geo Spectrum: An Unlikely American Soldier in the Compact Car Wars https://carorigins.com/the-geo-spectrum-an-unlikely-american-soldier-in-the-compact-car-wars/ Mon, 26 Jan 2026 17:01:00 +0000 https://carorigins.com/?p=7025 The automotive landscape of the late 1980s and early 1990s was undergoing a seismic shift. American consumers, weary of the boxy, underpowered sedans produced by the domestic “Big Three,” were increasingly looking toward Japanese imports for reliability, fuel efficiency, and build quality. Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, and Nissan Sentra were dominating the subcompact market. General...

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